THE LEGAL FRAMEWORK FOR CHILD PROTECTION IN PAKISTAN

Abstract

Child protection is a significant issue in Pakistan, as children are susceptible to many sorts of abuse, exploitation, and neglect. This article rigorously analyzes the legal framework for child protection in Pakistan, commencing with pertinent constitutional provisions and encompassing significant statutes including the Juvenile Justice System Act, 2018, the National Commission on the Rights of the Child Act, 2017, and the Zainab Alert, Response and Recovery Act, 2020. The article examines the influence of international obligations, specifically the UNCRC and ILO conventions, on domestic legislation. It assesses the formation of child protection institutions and the efficacy of implementation mechanisms at federal and provincial levels, while acknowledging the complexities arising from the devolution of powers following the 18th Amendment. Notwithstanding legislative advancements, considerable deficiencies remain in enforcement, public awareness, and stakeholder collaboration. The report highlights socio-cultural obstacles, disjointed legislation, and insufficient data gathering as persistent issues. The article finishes with suggestions to enhance institutional capacity, align legal frameworks, refine data systems, and elevate public awareness. In conclusion, although Pakistan's legal framework for child protection has progressed, significant efforts are necessary to guarantee efficient execution and the complete realization of children's rights.

Keywords: Legal Framework, Child Protection, Public Awarness, Domestic Legislation, Child Acts