The Constitution of Pakistan and Human Rights: A Critical and Comparative Study

Abstract

Human rights hold a fundamental position in the Constitution of Pakistan. These rights are acknowledged through various chapters and articles of the Constitution, guaranteeing every citizen freedom, equality, protection, and access to justice. The protection of human rights is deeply embedded in the foundational structure of the Constitution and is recognized at the very outset as "Fundamental Rights."The first part of the Constitution includes a dedicated chapter titled "Fundamental Rights and Directive Principles of State Policy," which elaborates on various types of rights. These rights not only ensure individual liberty and autonomy but also promote social justice, economic equality, and provide all citizens with equal opportunities to lead a dignified life. Under the fundamental rights enshrined in the Constitution of Pakistan, principles have been established for the protection of life, property, dignity, freedom, and equality of individuals, along with the provision of essential services such as education, health, and employment. The objective of these rights is to ensure that every Pakistani citizen is given equal opportunities to improve their quality of life.Moreover, the Constitution pays special attention to the rights of women, minority groups, children, and persons with disabilities, assigning the state the responsibility to take concrete steps for the protection of these rights. To safeguard human rights, the Constitution has established a strong and independent judiciary, ensuring that no citizen's rights are violated. Additionally, it affirms that any individual whose rights are infringed upon has unrestricted access to seek justice through the courts.Thus, this chapter of the Constitution is based on a comprehensive strategy for the provision and protection of human rights, aiming to ensure every citizen's right to a secure, free, and dignified life. The significance of this chapter also lies in the fact that it provides a robust legal framework which maintains a balance of rights between the state and the people. It also enables an effective legal response against any form of oppressive government policies or actions.

Keywords: Constitution of Pakistan, Human Rights, Comparative Study, Guaranteeing, Fundamental Rights, Established, Comprehensive