Artificial Intelligence and Future Social Problems in Pakistan: The Emerging Role of Social Workers

Abstract

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is rapidly transforming societies across the world, including developing countries like Pakistan. While AI offers opportunities for economic growth, improved governance, and technological advancement, it also creates emerging social challenges that may deepen existing inequalities and vulnerabilities. The core problem addressed in this study is the limited preparedness of Pakistan’s social institutions and welfare systems to respond to future social problems arising from AI-driven transformations. Issues such as unemployment due to automation, digital inequality, misinformation, mental health concerns, social isolation, and exclusion of marginalized communities are becoming increasingly significant. Despite these challenges, there is limited research examining the role of social workers in addressing AI-related social issues in Pakistan. The purpose of this study is to analyze the potential social problems associated with the expansion of AI in Pakistan and to explore the emerging role of social workers in mitigating these challenges. The study aims to identify how social work practice can contribute to community resilience, digital inclusion, mental health support, and policy advocacy in the age of AI. The study adopts a mixed-methods approach by combining quantitative survey data collected from students, professionals, and community members with qualitative interviews conducted with social workers, educationists, and policy experts. Statistical analysis is used to examine public perceptions regarding AI-related risks, while thematic analysis is employed to interpret qualitative responses. The findings indicate that although AI is viewed positively for innovation and efficiency, many respondents express concerns regarding job insecurity, digital exclusion, declining human interaction, and misinformation. The study further reveals that social workers can play a critical role in awareness building, community support, mental health interventions, digital literacy promotion, and advocacy for inclusive technological policies. The study concludes that Pakistan requires proactive social policies and stronger integration of social work within technological transitions to ensure that AI development remains socially inclusive, ethical, and human-centered.

Keywords: Artificial Intelligence, Social Work, Digital Inequality, Social Problems, Pakistan