Bertrand Russell’s Philosophy of Religion: An Intellectual Vision of Life. A Critical Analysis

Abstract

Bertrand Russell is known as an ‘atheist’ though he proclaimed himself as an ‘agnostic’. In any case he has deep concern to religions and he is known as an intellectual critic of religion. His thoughts represents one of the most influential and rational critiques on the traditional religious beliefs. His criticism and rejection of religion is based in a comprehensive intellectual vision of life, supported by logic, devoted to ethical humanism, and aimed at deep concern for human values and freedom. His writings present the view of religion as a psychological, social, and philosophical phenomenon rather than a divine revelation. His philosophy of religion should be understood as an intellectual and critical vision of life due to the fact that it attempts to provide a comprehensive worldview which includes explanations about the nature of reality, definitions and importance of faith and dogmas, the place of humanity in the universe, and the basis of morality without relying on any metaphysical or supernatural beliefs. His intellectual vision has been praised for its rational honesty yet it has been criticized for its metaphysical limitations and rational approach toward revealed contexts and existential pessimism. This research critically analyzes Russell’s philosophy of religion as an intellectual vision of life, rational approach towards religion and logical examination of its foundations, evolution, characteristic versatility, enormous influences in determining the course of human history, its positive effects and harms to humanity along with the view to determine Russell’s place as a philosopher of religion and his outlook in the philosophy of religion.

Keywords: Agnosticism, Dogma, Faith, Herd Instinct, Myth, Morality