Assessing the Multidimensional Social Exclusion faced by Transgender Community in Pakistan: Policy Challenges & way forward
Abstract
In Pakistan, the Multidimensional Social Exclusion Faced by Transgender Community despite the constitutional provisions of equality, as well as the establishment of legislation, including the Transgender Persons (Protection of Rights) Act, 2018. This study has aimed to explore experiences of multidimensional social exclusion faced by transgender community & has examined the impacts of multidimensional exclusion on the life of transgender community in Islamabad & Rawalpindi. The study used the Social Exclusion Theory, employed the qualitative approach and case study design to identify lived experiences throughout the life of transgender persons. This study has found based on the 4 cases selected from the credible news reports that the findings have shown that the exclusion is not limited to a single area and the unfriendly social context, family rejection, insufficient medical care, school-related prejudices, Inclusive admission policies are absent which block school access. discrimination in working places, and the housing insecurity, there is widespread discrimination in the rental market. Discrimination at work is a phenomenon that continues. The paper has shown that social exclusion is increasing and self-perpetuating and has created negative mental health, poverty, homelessness and susceptibility to violence. The transgender marginalization in Pakistan is not a personal failure but structural and systemic, it is built into social norms and institutions as well as the systems of governance. The study highlights the necessity to have effective application of the policy and laws, inclusive health and education system, equal employment, and security of housing. the current study adds to academic literature and policy discussion and is providing practical proposals to promote effective inclusion of transgender people in Pakistan. This Research has also suggested policy recommendations to reduce multidimensional social exclusion.
Keywords: Transgender community, Multidimensional Social exclusion, Intersex, Human rights, Transgender Persons (Protection of Rights) Act 2018
