Exploring Architecture without Architects: Self-Built Housing Quality in Informal Settlements and Design Intervention Strategies
Abstract
This research employed a mixed-methods approach to investigate self-built housing quality in informal settlements across Punjab, Pakistan and evaluate design intervention strategies. The study selected three informal settlements in major Punjabi cities including Lahore, Faisalabad, and Rawalpindi through purposive sampling based on settlement age, population density, and geographical location. Data collection involved structured surveys administered to 150 household residents to assess housing conditions, construction materials, and spatial configurations typical to Punjabi Katchi Abadis. The researcher conducted systematic observations using a standardized checklist to evaluate structural integrity, ventilation, natural lighting, and sanitation facilities across 100 dwelling units. Semi-structured interviews with 30 residents explored their self-construction processes, challenges faced within the local context, and perceived housing needs. Additionally, the study engaged 10 local masons (mistris) and 5 community leaders through focus group discussions to understand indigenous construction techniques and socio-cultural dynamics specific to Punjab. Physical measurements and photographic documentation captured spatial dimensions and construction details of traditional brick and concrete structures. The researcher analyzed existing built forms through typological classification to identify common patterns and vernacular design solutions. Three contextually appropriate design intervention prototypes were developed considering local climate, available materials, and cultural practices, then presented to community members for feedback through participatory workshops. Quantitative data underwent statistical analysis using SPSS, while qualitative data were thematically analyzed to extract insights regarding residents' experiences and preferences.
Keywords: Self-Built, Housing Quality, Informal Settlements, Design, Intervention Strategies
