The Impact of Turkish-Russian Relations on the Security Dynamics of the Caucasus Region: A Study of Regional Alliances and Military Strategies (2014–2022)

Abstract

This research paper examines the impact of Turkish-Russian relations on the security dynamics of the Caucasus region from 2014 to 2022, focusing on regional alliances and military strategies. The Caucasus, a historically contested region, has become a focal point for the competing interests of Turkey and Russia, particularly after the 2008 Georgia-Russia war. While Russia views the Caucasus as part of its sphere of influence, Turkey, with its Turkic and Sunni Muslim ties, sees it as a strategic area. Despite historical rivalries, Turkish-Russian relations improved significantly after 2016, driven by mutual interests in reshaping the regional balance of power. This study explores how this rapprochement has influenced security dynamics, alliances, and military strategies in the Caucasus. Using a qualitative approach, the paper analyzes key events, such as the 2016 ceasefire and NATO missile strikes in 2018, to understand the evolving relationship between Turkey and Russia and its implications for regional stability. The findings reveal that while cooperation has increased, underlying tensions persist, particularly in areas like Syria and energy security. The study concludes that the Turkish-Russian partnership has redefined the security architecture of the Caucasus, with significant implications for regional and international security.

Keywords: Turkish-Russian Relations, Caucasus Region, Security Dynamics, Regional Alliances, Military Strategies, NATO, Geopolitical Rivalry, Post-Soviet Space