Karl Gottlieb Pfander and his activities about the Holy Quran and the Messenger SAW

Abstract

This article studied the activities of Karl Gottlieb Pfander (died December 1864) regarding Islam and the Holy Quran. What was the activities of Pfander about Islam and the Holy Quran, such as lectures, speeches, and debates? And how does he present it in his books? This article will answer these questions. It is obvious that Pfander was a priest, and then he converted to Protestantism. He was the author of the books: Izhaar Uddin An-Nasrani, Hall al-Mushkilat, Tareeq al-Hayat, Miftah al-Asrar and Meezan al-Haq. His book Meezan al Haq is famous in this regard, in which he makes changes in the later edition without mentioning it on the book. The higher authority of thr church sent him to the Subcontinent for preaching Christianity and converting Muslim to it. For this purpose, he visit so many places in the subcontinent delivering speeches and lectures. He has also several debates with Muslim Scholars such as Mawlana Rahmat Ullah Kairanvi. Pfander make some claims such as according to him that the eloquence of the holy Quran does not prove that this is revealed by Allah the Almighty. In addition, he claims misrepresentation and misinterpretation in the Holy Quran.  Furthermore, he argue that Injeel and Torah were not abrogated, and Injeel is superior froom the Holy Quran. He was defending Christianity and doing distortion of Islam. The methodology of this research is descriptive analysis, in which we will mention the activities of Pfander and then we will do its analysis.

Keywords: Karl Gottlieb Pfander, Activities, Holy Quran, Messenger Saw, Distortion