PAKISTAN'S CONCERNS AND OPPORTUNITIES IN CHINA'S ENGAGEMENT IN AFGHANISTAN: A STUDY OF STRATEGIC INTERESTS, ECONOMIC BENEFITS, AND REGIONAL SECURITY

Abstract

Pakistan’s strategic landscape is being reshaped by China’s growing engagement in Afghanistan, presenting both opportunities and concerns for Islamabad. As Beijing deepens it’s economic and security footprint in Afghanistan, Pakistan finds itself navigating a complex geopolitical environment where its traditional influence over Kabul intersects with China’s expanding regional ambitions. This study explores Pakistan’s concerns regarding potential shifts in power dynamics, economic dependencies, and security challenges arising from China’s increasing role in Afghanistan. At the same time, it highlights the economic benefits Pakistan could derive, particularly through the expansion of the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC) into Afghanistan, enhancing regional connectivity and trade prospects. The paper assesses how Pakistan’s policy responses reflect a careful balancing act between securing its strategic interests and leveraging Chinese investments for economic growth. It also examines the impact of regional security dynamics, particularly in relation to India and the United States, on Pakistan’s positioning. Ultimately, the study underscores the importance of a trilateral framework involving China, Pakistan, and Afghanistan to ensure sustainable regional stability, economic cooperation, and security alignment. As China’s engagement in Afghanistan evolves, Pakistan must adopt a pragmatic approach that maximizes benefits while mitigating risks to its strategic autonomy.

Keywords: Pakistan-China Relations, Afghanistan, CPEC, Regional Security, Economic Cooperation, Strategic Interests, Geopolitical Strategy, Belt and Road Initiative, Trilateral Diplomacy, South Asian Stability